
Many people believe that low back pain is a single issue, but in reality, there are different types, each with its own causes and characteristics. Understanding these differences is essential for proper diagnosis and treatment. Here are four main types of low back pain.
Facet Joint Pain – Sharp and Localized
This type of pain comes from inflammation in the facet joints, the small joints between the vertebrae. It is usually sharp and felt in a specific spot in the lower back. The pain is often worse when leaning backward or after standing for a long time. Stiffness can also be present, especially after sitting. (1)
Degenerative Disc Pain – A Deep, Band-Like Ache
This pain is associated with age-related changes in the lower lumbar vertebrae. It feels like a tight band across the lower back and is usually worse when bending forward. As the discs lose hydration, they become thinner, increasing pressure on the spine. Stiffness is common, particularly in the morning or after resting. (2)
One-Sided Muscle Pain – A Deep, Aching Sensation
When pain is mostly on one side of the lower back, it is often due to a muscle strain or imbalance. It may be caused by poor posture, sudden movements, or overuse. The pain is typically dull and aching, sometimes described as a pulling sensation. Movement, stretching, or massage can provide temporary relief. (3)
Referred Pain – When the Problem Isn’t in the Back
Some low back pain is not caused by the spine but by internal organs such as the kidneys, intestines, or reproductive system. In rare cases, it may be a sign of a tumor or systemic illness. This type of pain does not change with movement and may be accompanied by other symptoms like weight loss, fever, or digestive issues. (4)
Understanding the Difference
Low back pain can take many forms, and each requires a different approach. Recognizing the type of pain is the first step in finding the right treatment. If pain persists or presents with unusual symptoms, a physiotherapist can help determine the cause and provide appropriate care.
Visit our website (click on the image) and know more about my services.
References:
Du R, Xu G, Bai X, Li Z. Facet Joint Syndrome: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment. J Pain Res. 2022 Nov 30;15:3689-3710. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S389602. PMID: 36474960; PMCID: PMC9719706.
Scarcia L, Pileggi M, Camilli A, Romi A, Bartolo A, Giubbolini F, Valente I, Garignano G, D'Argento F, Pedicelli A, Alexandre AM. Degenerative Disc Disease of the Spine: From Anatomy to Pathophysiology and Radiological Appearance, with Morphological and Functional Considerations. J Pers Med. 2022 Nov 1;12(11):1810. doi: 10.3390/jpm12111810. PMID: 36579533; PMCID: PMC9698646.
El-Tallawy SN, Nalamasu R, Salem GI, LeQuang JAK, Pergolizzi JV, Christo PJ. Management of Musculoskeletal Pain: An Update with Emphasis on Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain. Pain Ther. 2021 Jun;10(1):181-209. doi: 10.1007/s40122-021-00235-2. Epub 2021 Feb 11. PMID: 33575952; PMCID: PMC8119532.
Jin Q, Chang Y, Lu C, Chen L, Wang Y. Referred pain: characteristics, possible mechanisms, and clinical management. Front Neurol. 2023 Jun 28;14:1104817. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1104817. PMID: 37448749; PMCID: PMC10338069.
Comments